Many people confuse civil cases with criminal cases, leading to incorrect legal decisions. Understanding the difference helps individuals approach the right legal remedy.
What Is a Civil Case?
A civil case involves disputes between individuals or entities regarding rights, obligations, or compensation. The objective is not punishment but resolution.
Examples include:
- Property disputes
- Contract breaches
- Divorce and family disputes
- Recovery of money
Civil cases usually result in compensation or injunctions.
What Is a Criminal Case?
A criminal case involves offences against society and is prosecuted by the State. The aim is punishment for wrongdoing.
Examples include:
- Theft
- Assault
- Cheating
- Criminal breach of trust
Punishment may include imprisonment or fines.
Key Differences Between Civil and Criminal Cases
Nature:
Civil cases involve private disputes; criminal cases involve public offences.
Who Files the Case:
Civil cases are filed by individuals. Criminal cases are filed by the State through police.
Standard of Proof:
Civil cases require balance of probabilities. Criminal cases require proof beyond reasonable doubt.
Outcome:
Civil cases result in compensation. Criminal cases result in punishment.
Can One Matter Be Both Civil and Criminal?
Yes. Certain disputes such as cheque bounce or cheating may involve both civil and criminal proceedings simultaneously.
Which Court Handles Them?
Civil cases are handled by civil courts. Criminal cases are handled by magistrate or sessions courts.
Role of Online Legal Consultation
Online legal advice helps individuals understand whether their issue is civil, criminal, or both, saving time and legal costs.
Conclusion
Choosing the correct legal route is crucial. Understanding the civil-criminal distinction ensures proper legal action and faster resolution.